According to a 2014 published report by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), being overweight or obese increases the risks of several types of cancer, including:

  • Pancreas
  • Breast
  • Uterus
  • Colon and Rectum
  • Esophagus
  • Kidney
  • Thyroid
  • Gallbladder

Certain forms of cancer are more commonly associated with obesity, they include uterine (endometrial) cancer, breast cancer and esophageal cancer. Several possible mechanisms have been suggested to explain the association of obesity with increased risk of certain cancers. Nevertheless, the link between some cancers (especially the ones outlined above), and being overweight or obese is well established. If there is a high incidence of cancer in your family and you want to lose weight to reduce your risk of developing cancer, visit us at Worthy Weight Loss.  We can help you lose weight and improve your health and wellness.

FAQs

What is the link between obesity and cancer?

Being overweight or having obesity may increase the risk of developing several types of cancer. Excess body fat can cause long-term inflammation and hormonal imbalances that encourage abnormal cell growth. Over time, this can raise the likelihood of cancer in multiple organs, including the breast, colon, and liver.

Which cancers are most commonly linked to obesity?

Obesity is associated with at least 13 types of cancer. These include cancers of the breast (in postmenopausal women), colon, rectum, uterus, kidney, pancreas, thyroid, and liver. Others include gallbladder, ovary, upper stomach, multiple myeloma, and meningioma. These cancers together account for about 40 percent of all cancer diagnoses in the United States each year.

How does excess body fat increase cancer risk?

Excess fat tissue releases inflammatory compounds and increases insulin and estrogen levels. These changes can interfere with normal cell regulation and promote tumor growth. The longer a person remains overweight, the greater the exposure to these biological stressors. Visceral fat, which surrounds internal organs, is especially harmful because it produces higher levels of inflammatory markers.

Can losing weight lower the risk of cancer?

Yes. Weight reduction can help restore hormonal balance, decrease inflammation, and improve immune function. Even modest weight loss has been shown to reduce cancer risk over time. Maintaining a balanced diet, increasing physical activity, and seeking medical support can help create lasting results that benefit both weight and long-term health.

Does obesity affect cancer treatment or recovery?

People with obesity may face challenges during cancer treatment. Higher body fat levels can affect how medications work, complicate surgery, and increase recovery time. Obesity is also linked to higher rates of treatment-related side effects. Weight management before and during treatment can support better tolerance and outcomes.

Is body mass index (BMI) the only way to measure obesity-related cancer risk?

BMI is a useful screening tool, but it does not reflect fat distribution or muscle mass. People with a high waist circumference or excess visceral fat may face a greater risk of cancer even if their BMI is moderately elevated. Healthcare professionals may use additional assessments, such as body composition analysis, dexa scan, waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio, for a clearer picture of a person’s body fat composition or body fat percentage.

Do hormones play a role in obesity-related cancer?

Yes. Excess fat tissue increases the production of estrogen and insulin-like growth factors, which can promote cancer cell growth. Hormonal changes also affect immune responses and inflammation. These combined effects create an internal environment that favors cancer development and progression.

Can children or teens with obesity face higher cancer risks later in life?

Children and adolescents who have obesity are more likely to remain obese as adults. Prolonged exposure to excess body fat increases lifetime risk for obesity-associated cancers. Early intervention through balanced nutrition, regular activity, and behavioral support can help protect long-term health.

What lifestyle changes can help lower obesity-related cancer risk?

Healthy eating, consistent exercise, and maintaining a stable weight are key. Diets rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains help regulate hormones and reduce inflammation. Avoiding tobacco, limiting alcohol, and prioritizing regular medical checkups can further lower cancer risk.

How can healthcare professionals assist in managing weight for cancer prevention?

Clinicians can monitor weight, measure BMI, and refer individuals to structured weight management programs like the ones offered by Worthy Weight Loss. They may also discuss nutrition, exercise, and medical options for those struggling to lose weight. Support from healthcare teams helps individuals make informed choices that promote lasting health benefits.

Start your weight loss journey or check if you are a candidate today at Worthy Weight Loss to take the first step toward a healthier future.